Close contact

Hold the child’s hand, touch their face, call their name and help them to turn to you. Once they know their name, try calling it from a little distance away and then from another room.

Make sure the child looks at your face when you are talking. Watching your lip movements and facial expression will help them understand you. Position yourself so the child can look directly into your eyes. When your eyes are in line with your child’s, you will notice a lot more about your child’s facial expressions and level of interest.

How children learn

• React to the child’s smiles, laughter and frowning by copying them. Comment on their feelings in an appropriate tone of voice, such as: “Oh dear, you look cross.” 
• Use the same language with clear, simple phrases each time. The child will start to recognise your voice and will respond to familiar songs, rhymes and stories.
• When talking, singing and playing get down to child-level so that there are more opportunities for the child to focus on your facial expression and gestures. 
• Reduce distractions by turning off the television or radio. Create opportunities for close contact in a comfortable, familiar space. Share a favourite picture book, sing rhymes and play together, but notice when the child has had enough. You may start with just a few seconds at first, but slowly, as your child begins to enjoy it they will start to initiate their own games.

Recording the child’s expressions and gestures in a learning journal or play diary will build up a picture of their interests, likes and dislikes. You will begin to understand their non-verbal communication and be able to respond appropriately to their emotions.