Other aspects of communication to consider

Positioning for communication

Disabled children with complex needs will probably need serious consideration given to positioning. This may involve specialist seating. It certainly means that they need to be able to lift their heads to see what or who they are looking at and that they may need to be able to use a hand to point. They need to be comfortable, so consider whether they have light shining in their eyes. When supportive seating is being introduced for the first time, sessions need to be kept short but fun, gradually extending over a period of time. Speak to parents or their occupational therapist who can advise on this area. If there are any visual difficulties, you may need to consider lighting and positioning. Similarly for children with any hearing difficulties, positioning will be important.

Equipment and toys

You don’t need to have lots of expensive equipment. Specialist seating usually comes with the child. Specialist toys are not necessary. An empty box can be a toy. You may need to give time to assist the child to play with toys that they cannot access alone. Remember to relax and have fun as with any child he or she will pick up on your anxiety. As for any concerns you may have, ask the advice of the child’s parent or carer as they are the ones who know and understand the child the best. If they cannot help you, they will probably be able to point you to a professional who has contact with the child. For ideas on toys, see Play Talks.

Sign language

Some children may be starting to learn to use simple sign language (such as Makaton). However, it is unlikely that a child with complex needs will use this as their primary method of communication. Simple sign language is an excellent tool for teaching and reinforcing language. Parents and carers will happily show you the new signs they are introducing to their child.

Objects of reference

Some children may be introduced to objects of reference. These are to refer a child to a particular thing, for example, a spoon attached to a photo of lunch to refer to lunchtime. If a child is using objects of reference, parents and carers will explain their use to you.

Child protection

It is important that the child understands the meaning of right and wrong, yes and no. It won’t help a child to become part of his or her community now or in the future if this message is denied to them. Whatever their impairment, they need to understand what behaviour is acceptable and what is not. Do not make an exception because of the child’s ability; this helps no one, least of all them.

It is vital that the child is helped to understand the meaning of yes and no with regards to any child protection issue within any setting.